Can Vacant Office Buildings be Re-Purposed as Housing?
October 28, 2021

Rising commercial vacancy rates and growing housing affordability and supply challenges have led to growing interest in the potential for converting office buildings into residential space. If office-to-residential conversions were feasible, these re-purposed properties could meet the two goals of addressing a weakening commercial market and providing much-needed housing.
Office-to-residential conversions can sometimes produce benefits not available with new construction projects. For example, older commercial buildings targeted for conversion often have unique features that home buyers and renters highly value. In addition, an office-to-residential conversion can result in new housing options that are well-connected to transit, jobs, and other services. Finally, there can be sustainability benefits associated with conversions that are not available in new construction projects.
Despite these benefits, there are challenges to converting office buildings into housing, including structural, zoning, and economic obstacles. There have been relatively few office-to-residential conversion projects, but there have been enough examples in Virginia to suggest some best practices for local officials, developers, and other real estate professionals interested in promoting these types of repurposing projects.
Read the full report on office-to-residential conversion, including case studies from Alexandria, Fairfax, and Richmond.
Click here to send any comments or questions about this piece to Virginia REALTORS® Chief Economist Lisa Sturtevant, PhD.
You might also like…
Key Takeaways: April 2026 Virginia Home Sales Report
By Virginia REALTORS® - May 21, 2026
Key Takeaways It was a relatively busy April in Virginia’s housing market. There were 9,758 closed sales statewide, a 4.5% increase from a year ago. The 2026 market… Read More
Understanding the Renter Lock-In Effect
By Dominique Fair - May 19, 2026
The lock-in effect has been a big topic over the last few years with rates hovering in the 6-7% range and home prices much higher than what they… Read More
Opportunity Zones in Virginia: What Every REALTOR® Should Know
By Sejal Naik - May 7, 2026
Established under the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, Opportunity Zones (OZ) are a federal economic development and community development tax benefit designed to encourage long-term private investment… Read More