The U.S. Census Bureau recently released its annual residential population estimates highlighting how communities have shifted each year. Let’s break down the population changes Virginia has experienced at the state, metro, and city/county levels.

Virginia’s population reached over 8.8 million in 2024, making it the 12^th most populous state in the country. Resident numbers have been growing over the past decade with the state adding over 500,000 people to its population, an increase of 6.0%. There are a few contributing factors to the rise in the state’s population, one of them being the mortality rate which has been falling since 2021 according to the National Institute of Health. Another driver of growth in the commonwealth was immigration, with the number of foreign-born individuals increasing by 22.6% from 2013 to 2023.

Each local market has seen an increase in the number of residents with the population in Winchester jumping up 5.0% from 2020 to 2024. Richmond, one of the state’s bigger markets, also saw its population expand, adding 55,708 residents, which is 4.2% higher than 2020. There has been significant growth over the last few years in smaller rural communities, including around the Richmond region, which contributed to the rise in Richmond Metro Area residents. Virginia’s most populated market, Northern Virginia, saw a 2.5% rise in its population with counties such as Spotsylvania (+8.5%) seeing some of the sharpest gains. Mid to smaller size markets, such as Charlottesville (+2.6%) and Harrisonburg (+2.4%), have also seen an uptick in their communities over the last four years.

The Richmond region had two of the fastest growing counties in Virginia. Goochland County added 3,477 residents from 2020 to 2024, resulting in an 14.1% rise in population levels. New Kent County saw an 18.6% increase in its resident numbers during this period, making it the fastest growing county in Virginia during this time period. One of the motivating forces behind this surge in population is the cost of living, which is lower in rural communities compared to more urban and suburban areas. Suffolk, which has seen increased industrial expansion due to the Port 460 project has seen its population jump from 94,406 in April of 2020 to 103,105 in 2024, gaining 9.2%. Fairfax City, located in the Northern Virginia region, rounded out the list with the number of residents growing by 9.1%.

There was negative population growth in Virginia’s southwest region between 2020 and 2024. Buchanan County, which borders both West Virginia and Kentucky, was the slowest growing county in the state, going from 20,346 to 18,632 residents last year (-8.4%). Norton City, dubbed the smallest city in the state, saw its numbers decrease by 5.9%, which is 218 fewer residents in 2024 compared to 2020. Dickenson County saw its population decline by 5.1% over the last four years with 13,411 total residents in 2024.

For more information on housing, demographic and economic trends in Virginia, be sure to check out Virginia REALTORS® other Economic Insights blogs and our Data page.